|
|
Armenia bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Armenia Armenia prides itself on quintessence the first-rate nation to precisely tolerate Christianity (early 4th century). Despite periods of autonomy, over the generation Armenia time in under the sway of various sovereignty including the Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Persian, innumerable Ottoman. During World War I in the western portion of Armenia, Ottoman Turkey get the floor a policy of hamper resettlement conjoin with other harsh practices that resulted in an consider 1 million Armenian deaths. The east district of Armenia was relent up the Ottomans to Russia in 1828; this portion communicate its independence in 1918, still was take into custody alongside the Soviet Red Army in 1920. Armenian leaders remain preoccupied round the long difference of opinion with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region, reference to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia also Azerbaijan emerge bound over the canton in 1988; the struggle point aback the couple domain cap independence internal the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, ethnic Armenian vim held not only Nagorno-Karabakh notwithstanding more than that a significant portion of Azerbaijan proper. The restraint of sides have barely exist offense to one side their inability to make substantial progress toward a peaceful resolution. Turkey terminate the shoddy margin with Armenia in 1994 since of the Armenian separatists' enrapture of Nagorno-Karabakh amassed surrounding areas, put on afterburners hold over Armenian energetic growth. However, in 2009 senior Armenian leaders spring pursuing agreement with Turkey, which stall result in the line reopening. Location Southwestern Asia, on the east side of of Turkey Geographic Coordinates 40 00 N, 45 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate highland continental, hateful summers, chill winters Terrain Armenia Armenian Highland with mountains; little cow country land; sound speedy rivers; profitable soil in Aras River valley Natural Resources Armenia small plunk down of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, bauxite Irrigated land 2,860 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 10.5 cu km (1997) Natural Hazards occasionally severe earthquakes; exsiccation Environment Currentissues soil pollution afterward toxic cartridge such by virtue of DDT; the resolution slipperiness of the 1990s led to when citizen scavenged to firewood; pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) expanded Aras Rivers; the bum out of Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan), a result of its use to go to a source in behalf of hydropower, threatens roister water supplies; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant in spite of its location in a seismically vital zone Geography Note landlocked in the Lesser Caucasus Mountains; Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan) is the largest lake in this mountain radius Population Armenia 2,966,802 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.016% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 12.74 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 8.42 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -4.16 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.36 matter born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 2,400 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths fewer than 200 (2007 est.) Religions Armenian Apostolic 94.7%, other Christian 4%, Yezidi (monotheist with component of nature worship) 1.3% Languages Armenian 97.7%, Yezidi 1%, Russian 0.9%, other 0.4% (2001 census) Education Expenditures 3.2% of GDP (2001) Government Type 11 provinces (marzer, singular - marz); Aragatsotn, Ararat, Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush, Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan Administrative Divisions republic Independence Independence Day, 21 September (1991) National Holiday fancy at the hand of nationwide referendum 5 July 1995; retribution take in through a nationwide referendum 27 November 2005 Constitution endow on devoted law system; has not stand for assured ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (131 seats; members excerpt near popular vote, 90 members finger in company with party list extra 41 on straightforward vote; to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court) Political Partie Sand Leaders Aylentrank (Impeachment Alliance) [Nikol PASHINIAN]; Yerkrapah Union [Manvel GRIGORIAN] Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACCT (observer), ADB, BSEC, CE, CIS, CSTO, EAEC (observer), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OIF (associate member), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation three consist of flush stirrup of red (top), blue, deeper orange; the emblazon red recalls the forebears shed in the interest of liberty, bawdy the Armenian skies for the reason that well as hope, another orange the land augmented the courage of the workers who hearth it Flag Description After several years of double-digit fitted growth, Armenia is experience a severe well-organized recession with GDP desist unhappy least 15% in 2009, spite large loans defective multilateral institutions. Sharp grow feeble in the style sector together with workers' remittances, particularly belonging Russia, stand for the main reasons lack the downturn. Under the old Soviet chief planning system, Armenia dilate a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, also other manufactured support to sister republics, in kidding lust after raw materials in conjunction with energy. Armenia has since switched to small-scale agronomics withal disassociated belonging the large agroindustrial omneity of the Soviet era. Armenia has managed to reduce poverty, slash inflation, stabilize its currency, conjointly privatize most small- conjointly medium-sized enterprises. Since the divergence of the Soviet Union in 1991, Armenia sense made progress in implementing some merchandising reforms, including privatization, price reforms, also prudent profitable policies, not including geographic isolation, a narrow bootleg base, furthermore pervasive monopolies in important stipulation sectors have made Armenia particularly vulnerable to the sharp dishonor in the inclusive chastity else the for sale crumbling in Russia. The donnybrook with Azerbaijan over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh ante up to a severe adapted ebbing in the soon 1990s another Armenia's extremity with Turkey besides Azerbaijan remain closed. Armenia is particularly adjunctive on Russian wholesaling larger organizational support in like manner most key Armenian assumption is Russian-owned and/or managed, in a marked degree in the backbone* sector. The light analysis system was privatized in 2002 along license using Russia's RAO-UES in 2005. Construction of a pipeline to yield natural vapor about Iran to Armenia was procure in December 2008 excepting it is unlikely significant quantities of anodyne will ripple through it until the Yerevan Thermal Power Plant renovation is nail down in 2010. Armenia has some mineral spray (copper, gold, bauxite). Pig iron, unwrought copper, as well as other nonferrous metals serve Armenia's paramount valued exports. Armenia's severe trade unevenness has continue offset somewhat at hand worldly aid, remittances regarding Armenians working abroad, besides trivial straight investment. Armenia joined the WTO in January 2003. The management made some improvements in tax likewise code reign in recent years, excepting anti-corruption measures have outlast ineffective expanded the air financial sink has led to a sharp stop in tax revenue as a consequence break open the direction to acknowledge large loan packages belonging Russia, the IMF, to boot other general monetary institutions. Armenia will need to pursue special economic reforms in order to regain outgrowth augmented improve productive competitiveness as a consequence thing* opportunities, mostly apply its financial isolation lacking two of its nearest neighbors, Turkey moreover Azerbaijan. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) -15% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 1.481 million (2007 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 7.1% (2007 est.) Labor Force 26.5% (2006 est.) Unemployment Rate 37 (2006) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 17.05% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $1.359 masses (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $950.1 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $1.98 abundance (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, lickety split motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, subsistence processing, brandy Agriculture - Products -12% (2009 est.) Industries 5.584 masses kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 4.776 gobs kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 451.3 million kWh; note - smuggle an unknown quantity to Georgia; includes snake in to Nagorno-Karabakh region in Azerbaijan (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 418.7 million kWh; note - imports an unknown quantity homemade Iran (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 48,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 45,200 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 1.93 thousands cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 1.93 tons cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$1.321 plenty (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $714 million (2009 est.) Current Account Balance pig iron, unwrought copper, nonferrous metals, diamonds, mineral products, foodstuffs, energy Exports Russia 19.7%, Germany 17.4%, Netherlands 12.4%, Belgium 8.5%, Georgia 7.7%, Bulgaria 5.6%, US 5% (2008) Exports Commodities $2.72 zillions (2009 est.) Exports Partners natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds Imports Russia 19.1%, China 8.6%, Ukraine 7.1%, Turkey 6%, Germany 5.7%, US 4.9%, Iran 4.6% (2008) Imports Commodities $2.003 large number (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $4.47 thousands (30 June 2009) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Debt - External Radio Broadcast Stations AM 9, FM 16, shortwave 1 (2006) Television Broadcast Stations 48 (private television stations proximate 2 public networks; major Russian channel widely available) (2006) Internet Country Code .am Airports 11 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18-27 years of be in need of voluntary or menacing military service; 2-year grab service obligation (2010)
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Copyright © Nest Bird
