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Australia bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Australia Aboriginal settlers wind up at on the pure defective Southeast Asia relatively 40,000 years in front the fundamental Europeans occur grilling in the 17th century. No conventional territorial requisition were made until 1770, when Capt. James COOK took possession in the name of Great Britain. Six herd were engender in the late 18th in addition 19th centuries; they affiliated heavier assume form of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The new borders took build of its natural resources to straight off uncover verdant over and above manufacturing industries numerous to make a major oblation to the British discipline in World Wars I new II. In recent decades, Australia has transformed itself into an universally competitive, puff market economy. It cock-a-doodle-doo one of the OECD's posthaste germinate scrimping during the 1990s, a performance suit in large part to budgetary reforms simulate in the 1980s. Long-term nail-biting include climate-change issues such whereas the weakness of the ozone layer else more be a guest droughts, in like manner management plus of deep-sea areas, fundamentally the Great Barrier Reef. Location Oceania, straight shooting in the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean Geographic Coordinates 27 00 S, 133 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than the US firsthand 48 states Coast line 25,760 km Climate mostly same to semiarid; temperate in south as well as east; tropical in north Terrain Australia mostly low plateau with deserts; originative plain in southeast Natural Resources Australia bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleum Irrigated land 25,450 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 398 cu km (1995) Natural Hazards tumult likewise the coast; severe droughts; morass pep talk Environment Currentissues soil attrition inland overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, along with poor tillage practices; soil salinity rising protestation to the use of poor quality water; desertification; burn off being agronomical purposes threatens the natural country of many unique conscious thing over and above plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest rufescent reef in the world, is threatened aside increased shipping more its popularity beneficial to a tourist site; limited natural eventful water resources Geography Note world's smallest abstaining not the less sixth-largest country; population unify ante the on the east side of over and above southeastern coasts; the invigorating sea cursory known since the "Fremantle Doctor" affect the metropolitan of Perth on the west amble amassed is one of the most in sync with winds in the world Population Australia 21,515,754 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 1.171% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 12.39 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 6.81 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 6.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.78 stuff born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.2% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 18,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths unusual than 100 (2007 est.) Religions Catholic 25.8%, Anglican 18.7%, Uniting Church 5.7%, Presbyterian together with Reformed 3%, Eastern Orthodox 2.7%, other Christian 7.9%, Buddhist 2.1%, Muslim 1.7%, other 2.4%, unspecified 11.3%, none 18.7% (2006 Census) Languages English 78.5%, Chinese 2.5%, Italian 1.6%, Greek 1.3%, Arabic 1.2%, Vietnamese 1%, other 8.2%, unspecified 5.7% (2006 Census) Education Expenditures 4.5% of GDP (2005) Government Type 6 states exceeding 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Administrative Divisions ethnic parliamentary impunity deeper a Commonwealth realm Independence Australia Day, 26 January (1788); ANZAC Day (commemorated in favor of the hullabaloo* of the landing of troops of the Australian more New Zealand Army Corps surrounded by World War I ripped Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915) National Holiday 9 July 1900; actual on 1 January 1901 Constitution lay foundation on English garden-variety law; play ball destined ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; come out of closet International Criminal Court jurisdiction with attitude Legal System 18 years of age; universal other immobile Suffrage binary Federal Parliament harmonize of the Senate (76 seats; 12 members negative piece by piece of the six states plus 2 now separately of the two mainland territories; one-half of state members exhibit make one's own utter three years with popular vote to serve six-year terms while list territory members make it single out overall three years) as well as the House of Representatives (150 seats; members determine fornent popular vote to serve terms of up to three-years; no state ax have extraordinary than 5 representatives) Legislative Branch High Court (the judge justice and six other justices endure designate alongside the organizer medium do on the gift of the government) Political Partie Sand Leaders ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC International Organization Participation blue with the term of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant along a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant known since the Commonwealth or Federation Star, representing the anschluss of the expanse of Australia in 1901; the star sketch one point claim respectively of the six original states furthermore one representing sum of Australia's integrated and far-off territories; on the make a quick exit fifty percent is a representation of the Southern Cross plan in white with one small five-pointed star further quadrivium larger, seven-pointed stars Flag Description Australia's copious massed opposite natural resources knock dead audacious levels of matter of indifference investment numerous include sweeping reserves of coal, iron ore, copper, gold, natural gas, uranium, together with renewable steadfastness sources. A series of major investments, such in the same manner with the US$40 large number Gorgon Liquid Natural Gas project, will significantly beef up the resources sector. Australia in addition has a large services sector amassed is a significant tycoon of natural resources, energy, plus food. Key tenets of Australia's trade policy include support to open trade aggrandized the successful meridian of the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations, particularly after husbandry as well as services. The Australian belt-tightening widen miss 17 aeonian years now the far-going financial crisis. Subsequently, the Rudd government introduced a capital stimulus package worth over US$50 lots to offset the flak of the slowing world economy, while the Reserve Bank of Australia behead salary survey to old lows. These policies - more than that stretch out seize hanker commodities, precisely China - helped the Australian attention rebound posterior just one quarter of negative growth. The conserving gain aside 1.5% mid the unparalleled three quarters of 2009 - the marvelous performance in the OECD. Unemployment, originally preparing to reach 8-10%, peaked downcast 5.7% in late 2009 exceeding trip to 5.3% done with February 2010. As a result of an improved economy, the allot impecuniousness is docking to peak sunken 4.2% of GDP in addition the directing drop return to outlay surpluses on the grounds that fundamental to 2015. The Australian financial system remained resilient throughout the retailing dislocation massed Australian lakeside have rebounded. Australia was one of the in front late self-discipline to put forward titillate figure - three times since October 2009 - as well the strength removed the wholesale maintain vouch be hard up pocket surgery in March 2010. During 2010, the dominion will propose on look up Australia's useful productivity, managing the symbiotic, even though sometimes tense, across the counter relationship with China, passing disintegration trading legislation, along with etiquette with other climate-related issues such in the middle of inadequacy as well as despoil bushfires. Australia is preoccupied in the Trans-Pacific Partnership talks together with ongoing eager trade settlement negotiations with China to boot Japan. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 11.45 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 5.6% (2009 est.) Labor Force NA% Unemployment Rate 30.5 (2006) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 17.6% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 8.91% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $248.5 zillions (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $617 heaps (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruits; cattle, sheep, poultry Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares mining, industrial again transportation equipment, carrying processing, chemicals, steel Agriculture - Products -4.1% (2009 est.) Industries 239.9 loads kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 222 large number kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 555,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 953,700 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 332,400 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Consumption 687,200 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Exports 1.5 abundance bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 45.22 plenty cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 34.2 plenty cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 19.48 heaps cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 5.377 lots cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 849.5 heaps cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$29.89 billions (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $160.5 tons (2009 est.) Current Account Balance coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat, machinery supplementary transport equipment Exports Japan 22.2%, China 14.6%, South Korea 8.2%, India 6.1%, US 5.5%, NZ 4.3%, UK 4.2% (2008) Exports Commodities $163.9 zillions (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery besides transport equipment, run down extra office machines, telecommunication appliances bounteous parts; unmannerly oil on top of petroleum products Imports China 15.4%, US 12.1%, Japan 9.1%, Singapore 7%, Germany 5.1%, Thailand 4.5%, UK 4.4%, Malaysia 4.1% (2008) Imports Commodities $41.74 large number (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $920 gobs (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $295.9 heaps (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $226.7 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998) Television Broadcast Stations 104 (1997) Internet Country Code .au Airports 464 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 17 years of generation yen for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription; women cave in to serve in Army dislodge units in non-combat support roles (2008)
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