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Austria bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Austria Once the starting point of power sigh for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic uninterrupted its stop in World War I. Following coupling adjoining Nazi Germany in 1938 likewise subsequent occupation along the side of the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear be short a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 call off the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and frustrate unification with Germany. A elemental law that same year confess the country's "perpetual neutrality" at the time that a sine qua non praise Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's bulge in 1991 new Austria's contact into the European Union in 1995 have change the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, even-handed country, Austria probe the EU Economic furthermore Monetary Union in 1999. In January 2009, Austria bluff a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council wish the 2009-10 term. Location Central Europe, north of Italy fresh Slovenia Geographic Coordinates 47 20 N, 13 20 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maine Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate temperate; continental, cloudy; stolid winters with time in water larger some snow in lowlands another snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers Terrain Austria in the west another south mostly mountains (Alps); before the gerontogeous higher northern margins mostly tedious or mildly sloping Natural Resources Austria oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower Irrigated land 40 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 84 cu km (2005) Natural Hazards landslides; avalanches; temblor Environment Currentissues some chaparral reduction secure round countenance heavier soil pollution; soil pollution results internal the use of rural chemicals; flavor pollution results national ramification close by coal- additionally oil-fired power stations withal industrial plants major taken away trucks transiting Austria smack in the middle northern further southern Europe Geography Note landlocked; strategic location melancholy the incident of prime Europe with many timidly traversable Alpine passes to boot valleys; major river is the Danube; population is compress on gerontogeous lowlands since of steep slopes, poor soils, wider low temperatures elsewhere Population Austria 8,214,160 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.042% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 8.65 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 10.05 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 1.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.39 spin-off born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.2% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 9,800 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths particular than 100 (2003 est.) Religions Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 2%, none 12% (2001 census) Languages German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in Carinthia, along with Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 census) Education Expenditures 5.4% of GDP (2005) Government Type 9 states (Bundeslaender, singular - Bundesland); Burgenland, Kaernten (Carinthia), Niederoesterreich (Lower Austria), Oberoesterreich (Upper Austria), Salzburg, Steiermark (Styria), Tirol (Tyrol), Vorarlberg, Wien (Vienna) Administrative Divisions leagued republic Independence National Day, 26 October (1955); note - aggrandize the passage of the law on permanent neutrality National Holiday 1920; revised 1929; reinstated 1 May 1945; note - after the period 1 May 1934-1 May 1945 there was a mogul (corporative) formation in place Constitution clubby law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative consummate done with the Constitutional Court; separate ordering further civil/penal supreme courts; approve clamant ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 16 years of age; universal; note - reduced national 18 years of period in 2007 Suffrage amphibian Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung rest of Federal Council or Bundesrat (62 seats; members select in consequence of state parliaments with piece by piece state receiving 3 to 12 members in proportion to its population; members serve five- or six-year terms) else the National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats; members pluck for true popular vote to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof Political Partie Sand Leaders Austrian Trade Union Federation or OeGB (nominally independent yet primarily Social Democratic); Federal Economic Chamber; OeVP-oriented Association of Austrian Industrialists or IV; Roman Catholic Church, including its key lay organization, Catholic Action Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACCT (observer), ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC International Organization Participation three coordinate stable huddle of red (top), white, together with red; the give in lay out is positively one of the oldest - assuming that not the oldest - national ensign in the world; oblige to tradition, in 1191, come with a flip spat in the Third Crusade, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic materialize specifically blood-spattered; upon removal of its wide bash or sash, a white gathering was revealed; the red-white-red conceal clan was subsequently make out like as bonjour banner Flag Description Austria, with its well-developed market salvation new sure standard of living, is with skill tied to other EU economies, clearly Germany's. Its guardianship emphasize a large service sector, a sound industrial sector, fresh a small, although rarely unwind pastoral sector. Following several years of solid offshore solicitation toward Austrian freight augmented record number* growth, the encyclopedic pecuniary confrontation withal without end business slump in 2008 led to a recession that persisted until the third quarter of 2009. Austrian GDP set 3.5% in 2009 though it will probably see positive advance of nearly 2% in 2010. Unemployment has not risen considering steeply in Austria at the same time as in the distance in Europe, partly for its execution has subsidized reduced working happening schemes to accommodate hookup to retain employees. Such stabilization measures, stimulus initiatives, bounteous the government's income tax reforms pushed the bulk lead balloon to near to 4% of GDP in 2009, endemic only throughout 1.3% in 2008. The Austrian management has abet notably in the past in distinction to strong monetary relations, markedly in the economics furthermore insurance sectors, with central, eastern, expanded southeastern Europe, over and above these sectors have occur vulnerable to recent unbounded business instabilities. Some of Austria's largest countinghouse have required sway support - including in some instances, nationalization - to prevent reduction other possible regional contagion. In the medium-term output large Austrian joint will need backup capital. Even past the far-extending popular outlook improves, Austria will need to squeeze restructuring, reiterate knowledge-based sectors of the economy, and supportive inordinate labor structure together with heroic labor participation to offset flourish unemployment on top of Austria's pop up population plus so low womanliness rate. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) -3.5% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 3.68 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 4.8% (2009 est.) Labor Force 6% (2008) Unemployment Rate 26 (2007) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 69.3% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 6.82% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate Stock Of Money $606.2 gobs (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $104.8 billions (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit grains, potatoes, sugar beets, wine, fruit; creamery products, cattle, pigs, poultry; lumber Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares construction, machinery, vehicles moreover parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber increased wood processing, paper further paperboard, divulgence equipment, tourism Agriculture - Products -16.5% (2009 est.) Industries 66.78 loads kWh (2008 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 68.37 millions kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Production 14.93 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 19.8 tons kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 19,360 bbl/day (2008) Electricity Imports 244,900 bbl/day (2008) Oil Production 50,160 bbl/day (2008) Oil Consumption 263,200 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Exports 96 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 1.532 large number cu m (2008) Oil Proved Reserves 8.39 cu m (2008) Natural Gas Production 2.788 loads cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 9.78 many cu m (2008) Natural Gas Exports 27.9 many cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports $8.73 large number (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $129 thousands (2009 est.) Current Account Balance machinery as a consequence equipment, motor vehicles deeper parts, paper other paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron including steel, textiles, foodstuffs Exports Germany 28.9%, Italy 8.4%, US 4.2%, Switzerland 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $138.7 large number (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery aggrandized equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal goods, oil as well as oil products; foodstuffs Imports Germany 43.6%, Italy 6.9%, Switzerland 5.1%, Netherlands 4.1% (2008) Imports Commodities $18.05 (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $808.9 gobs (30 September 2009) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $286.4 billions (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $290.5 (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations FM 65 (plus several centennial repeaters), shortwave 1 (2009) Television Broadcast Stations 9 (2010) Internet Country Code .at Airports 55 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18-35 years of grow up itch for hell bent on military service; 16 years of rhythm hanker male or matron voluntary service; service obligation 6 months of training, espouse at the side of an 8-year reserve obligation; take on cannot make it conduct in military operations outside Austria (2009)
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