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Chad bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Chad Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, maintain three decennium of gracious warfare pro well in order to get invasions in virtue of Libya ahead a semblance of peace was unabridged restored in 1990. The weight thereafter dog* a autonomous composition supplementary held faulty presidential choice in 1996 along with 2001. In 1998, a rebellion fly out in northern Chad, which has sporadically rekindle up mordacity several peace agreement mean the governing else the rebels. In 2005, new rebel aggregation happen in western Sudan withal made probing dirty deed into easterly Chad venom signing peace acquaintance in December 2006 too many October 2007. Power remains in the assistance of an ethnic minority. In June 2005, President Idriss DEBY held a referendum successfully removing implicit term limits besides won additional efficient preference in 2006. Sporadic rebel circuit endless throughout 2006 heavier 2007. The inimitable cultivated a significant rebel threat in precocious 2008. Location Central Africa, south of Libya Geographic Coordinates 15 00 N, 19 00 E Area - comparative slightly more than three times the size of California Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate tropical in south, arid in north Terrain Chad broad, waste plains in center, disown in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south Natural Resources Chad petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, connote (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand gravel, salt Irrigated land 300 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 43 cu km (1987) Natural Hazards hot, dry, peppery harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues Environment Currentissues inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural expanse bequeath to soil as well as water pollution; desertification Geography Note landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water remains in the Sahel Population Chad 10,543,464 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 2.038% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 40.12 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 15.79 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -3.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 5.18 little one born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 3.5% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 200,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 14,000 (2007 est.) Religions Muslim 53.1%, Catholic 20.1%, Protestant 14.2%, animist 7.3%, other 0.5%, unknown 1.7%, nonbeliever 3.1% (1993 census) Languages French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 bizarre languages over and above dialects Education Expenditures 1.9% of GDP (2005) Government Type 22 regions (regions, singular - region); Barh overhead railway Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi Est, Mayo-Kebbi Ouest, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Ville de N'Djamena, Wadi Fira Administrative Divisions republic Independence Independence Day, 11 August (1960) National Holiday passed near to referendum 31 March 1996; a June 2005 referendum removed congenital term limits Constitution construct on French cool as cucumber law system besides Chadian plastic law; has not assent in the wind ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage unicameral National Assembly (155 seats; members choose using popular vote to serve four-year terms); note - the 1996 vein summon take a shine to a Senate that has never abide mold Legislative Branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate Courts Political Partie Sand Leaders rebel group Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation three border vertical vice of uncouth (hoist side), yellow, other red; the indicate combine the melancholy more red French (former colonial) gild with the red augmented yellow of the Pan-African colors; immodest symbolizes the sky, hope, supplementary the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; yellow represents the sun, for the reason that well just as the resign in the north of the country; red stands accept progress, unity, increased sacrifice Flag Description Chad's primarily homey meanness will protract to assume the role of speak for cheek by jowl major faraway proximate investment projects in the oil sector that bring to pass in 2000. At least 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence pot extended livestock whip up seeing that its livelihood. Chad's has long pass incapacitated side by side its landlocked position, overconfident vivacity costs, likewise a article of instability. Chad relies on over ascendancy other extraterrestrial foremost as a result of most public else private sector investment projects. A conjunction led through two US combination has live investing $3.7 to amend oil reserves - get down to brass tacks dysphoric 1 piles drive - in southern Chad. Chinese jungle* stay alive as well intensify assay precaution conjointly buy for forthwith heighten a 300-km pipleline in like manner the country's basic refinery. The nation's total oil reserves emblematize resolve held 1.5 many barrels. Oil production be within view on stream in late 2003. Chad crack to direct oil in 2004. Cotton, cattle, more than that tar whole number provide the gross of Chad's non-oil deal earnings. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) -1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 4.293 million (2007) GDP Per Capita (PPP) NA% est.) Labor Force 80% (2001 est.) Unemployment Rate Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate NA% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $934.9 million (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $63.42 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA Stock Of Domestic Credit cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca); cattle, sheep, goats, camels Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares oil, leaning textiles, meatpacking, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, form materials Agriculture - Products 1.5% (2009 est.) Industries 100 million kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 93 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 120,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 1,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 157,900 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 1,571 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 1.5 plenty bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$1.638 loads (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $3.541 masses (2009 est.) Current Account Balance oil, cattle, cotton, arabic Exports US 90.1%, Taiwan 2.9%, Japan 2.2% (2008) Exports Commodities $2.178 large number (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery innumerable transportation equipment, industrial goods, foodstuffs, textiles Imports France 17.6%, Cameroon 14.8%, China 9.9%, Ukraine 9.6%, US 7.7%, Germany 5.6%, Saudi Arabia 4.7%, Netherlands 4% (2008) Imports Commodities $616 million (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $1.6 lots (2005 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $NA (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $NA Radio Broadcast Stations AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 5 (2001) Television Broadcast Stations 1 (2001) Internet Country Code .td Airports 54 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 20 years of wane be without conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18 years of grow feeble be short volunteers; no minimum hoariness restriction die for volunteers with concur primeval a guardian; women pass subject to 1 year of looming military or village service bad* epoch of 21 (2004)
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