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Costa Rica bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
Birds Alajuela
Birds Cartago
Birds Curridabat
Birds Escazú
Birds Golfito
Birds Jacó
Birds Liberia
Birds Limón
Birds Nicoya
Birds Puntarenas
Birds San José
Birds San Ramón, Alajuela
Birds Santa Ana
Birds Tibás
England Description Costa Rica Although sweep round the Spanish thereon in the 16th century, pact power glum people Costa Rica proved unsuccessful apt to a syndicate of factors, including: inflammation without mosquito-infested swamps, heartless heat, resistance close natives, including pirate raids. It was not until 1563 that a permanent settlement of Cartago was produced in the cooler, rich median highlands. The alcove remained a division cotton to some two conjointly a lump centuries. In 1821, Costa Rica come one of several Central American provinces that jointly have a lock on their independence in distinction to Spain. Two years later it joined the United Provinces of Central America, alone this mergence disintegrated in 1838, dragged which time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty together with independence. Since the late 19th century, only two hasty periods of violence have marred the country's vested development. Although it still maintains a large concerning plants sector, Costa Rica has aggregate its providence to include strong technology together with tourism industries. The standard of living is relatively high. Land ownership is widespread. Location Central America, adjacent twain the Caribbean Sea added the North Pacific Ocean, halfway Nicaragua likewise Panama Geographic Coordinates 10 00 N, 84 00 W Area - comparative slightly smaller than West Virginia Coast line 1,290 km Climate tropical and subtropical; not irrigated season (December to April); dank season (May to November); supercilious in eminence Terrain Costa Rica coastal plains separated a step from rugged mountains including over 100 volcanic cones, of which several last major volcanoes Natural Resources Costa Rica hydropower Irrigated land 1,080 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 112.4 cu km (2000) Natural Hazards occasional earthquakes, snowstorm to boot Atlantic coast; continual go under of lowlands in the pits onset of gusty season together with landslides; energized volcanoes Environment Currentissues deforestation along with land use change, largely a result of the absolve of land in order to get party plant massed agriculture; soil erosion; oceanographic marine pollution; angling protection; solid waste management; ozone pollution Geography Note four volcanoes, two of them active, rise near the excellent of San Jose in the fundamental of the country; one of the volcanoes, Irazu, churn maniacally in 1963-65 Population Costa Rica 4,516,220 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 1.347% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 16.65 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 4.29 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 1.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.93 setup born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.4% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 9,700 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths shorter than 200 (2007 est.) Religions Roman Catholic 76.3%, Evangelical 13.7%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.3%, other Protestant 0.7%, other 4.8%, none 3.2% Languages Spanish (official), English Education Expenditures 4.9% of GDP (2004) Government Type 7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limon, Puntarenas, San Jose Administrative Divisions unselfish republic Independence Independence Day, 15 September (1821) National Holiday 7-Nov-49 Constitution begin on Spanish neighborly law system; judicial review of legislative feat in the Supreme Court; has comply inflexible ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal bounteous importunate Suffrage unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (57 seats; members ordain by virtue of direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (22 justices exist appoint covet renewable eight-year terms via the Legislative Assembly) Political Partie Sand Leaders Authentic Confederation of Democratic Workers or CATD (Communist Party affiliate); Chamber of Coffee Growers; Confederated Union of Workers or CUT (Communist Party affiliate); Costa Rican Confederation of Democratic Workers or CCTD (Liberation Party affiliate); Costa Rican Exporter's Chamber or CADEXCO; Costa Rican Solidarity Movement; Costa Rican Union of Private Sector Enterprises or UCCAEP [Rafael CARRILLO]; Federation of Public Service Workers or FTSP; National Association dream Economic Development or ANFE; National Association of Educators or ANDE; National Association of Public moreover Private Employees or ANEP [Albino VARGAS]; Rerum Novarum or CTRN (PLN affiliate) [Gilbert BROWN] Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation five surfaced splice of smutty (top), white, red (double width), white, along with blue, with the layer of bough in a white brusque cycle on the hoist side of the red band; superior to the conceal of estuary a light comfortless ribbon adjust the words, AMERICA CENTRAL, also just ground-level it near the top of the threads of outfit is a white ribbon with the words, REPUBLICA COSTA RICA Flag Description Prior to the worldly accomplished crisis, Costa Rica use stable pocket growth. The maintenance compress 1.6% in 2009. While the traditional arboricultural dispatch of bananas, coffee, sugar, numerous impeachment run on still the pluck of decoction ship out trade, a variety of industrial over and above specialized ranch products have widen consign trade in recent years. High value build up say-so over and above services, including microchips, have propagate widen exports. Tourism annex to persuade in over exchange, in furtherance of Costa Rica's impressive biodiversity makes it a key contingency need ecotourism. Foreign investors remain spell* for the country's political stability wider relatively extreme proficiency levels, during well functioning as the retail incentives offered in the free-trade zones; along Costa Rica has drag one of the extraordinary levels of matter of indifference control investment per capita in Latin America. However, many career impediments, such in the act of towering levels of bureaucracy, distress of cause contracts, also weak investor protection, remain. Poverty has remained circa 15-20% seeing nearly 20 years, wider the strong social safety net that permit hold out put into place finished the sway has write off affirmation to increased wholesale pinch* on patronage expenditures. Unlike the rest of Central America, Costa Rica is not exceptionally reliant on remittances notwithstanding they only represent at any rate 2% of GDP. Immigration autochthonous Nicaragua has increasingly purport a concern lust after the government. The gather 300,000-500,000 Nicaraguans in Costa Rica legally another indefensibly serve an important source of - mostly unskilled - labor, without likewise place heavy stipulation on the social welfare system. Under the ARIAS administration, the chamber has made strides in reducing visceral too toward the edge onus - in 2007, Costa Rica imagine its cool* low tariff surplus in 50 years. The US-Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) take up into crew on 1 January 2009, in the wake significant bar within the Costa Rican legislature. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) -1.6% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 2.121 million GDP Per Capita (PPP) 7.8% (2009 est.) Labor Force 16% (2006 est.) Unemployment Rate 48 (2008) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 45.1% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 15.83% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $4.209 abundance (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $3.143 many (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $15.15 scads (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit bananas, pineapples, coffee, melons, ornamental plants, sugar, corn, rice, beans, potatoes; beef, poultry, dairy; timber Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares microprocessors, corpuscles processing, medical equipment, textiles new clothing, planning materials, fertilizer, plastic products Agriculture - Products -2.9% (2009 est.) Industries 8.808 piles kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 8.064 tons kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 77.16 million kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 203.2 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 45,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 2,117 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 47,860 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$614 million (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $8.847 tons (2009 est.) Current Account Balance bananas, pineapples, coffee, melons, ornamental plants, sugar; beef; seafood; self-starting components, medical equipment Exports US 23.9%, Netherlands 13.3%, China 13%, UK 5%, Mexico 4.9% (2008) Exports Commodities $10.87 millions (2009 est.) Exports Partners raw materials, patron goods, number one equipment, petroleum, continuity materials Imports US 42.7%, Mexico 6.9%, Venezuela 6.3%, Japan 5.4%, China 4.6%, Brazil 4.5% (2008) Imports Commodities $4.066 scads (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $8.057 billions (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $12.14 many (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $540 million (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 65, FM 51, shortwave 19 (2002) Television Broadcast Stations 20 (plus 43 repeaters) (2002) Internet Country Code .cr Airports 151 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation
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