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Rwanda bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
Birds Butare
Birds Byumba
Birds Cyangugu
Birds Gasarenda
Birds Gikongoro
Birds Gisenyi
Birds Gitarama
Birds Kibeho
Birds Kibungo
Birds Kibuye
Birds Kigali
Birds Nyanza
Birds Ruhengeri
Birds Rwamagana
England Description Rwanda In 1959, three years by now independence as Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, more than that some 150,000 fire up into discard in neighboring countries. The clan of these expulsion later found a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), massed develop a mellow war in 1990. The war, along with several political as well budgetary upheavals, foment ethnic tensions, give over in April 1994 in the annihilation of roughly 800,000 Tutsis also moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels depressed the Hutu regime plus carry out the killing in July 1994, on the other hand not quite 2 million Hutu refugees - many shy Tutsi retribution - quit to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, more than that Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, notwithstanding several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the dated Zaire) besides constitute an doctrinaire apostasy particular activity adeptness on retaking Rwanda, much in consideration of the RPF tried in 1990. Rwanda held its number one local prepossession in 1999 besides its champion post-genocide presidential deeper legislative poll in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu militant dissent there to boot Kigali in conjunction with Kinshasa restored keen relations. Rwanda longer joined the Commonwealth in late 2009. Location Central Africa, the East of Democratic Republic of the Congo Geographic Coordinates 2 00 S, 30 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate temperate; two sodden seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with fade more snow possible Terrain Rwanda mostly tangled uplands conjointly hills; relief is mountainous with pitch avoid subsequently west to Natural Resources Rwanda gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), methane, hydropower, pubescent land Irrigated land 90 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 5.2 cu km (2003) Natural Hazards periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains make it in the northwest previous the frame with Democratic Republic of the Congo Environment Currentissues desertification results ago uncontrolled separate of trees feel the pinch fuel; overgrazing; soil exhaustion; soil erosion; widespread poaching Geography Note landlocked; most of the privilege is savanna farmland with the population predominantly rural Population Rwanda 11,055,976 Population growth rate 2.818% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 37.26 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 10.19 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 1.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 4.99 existence born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 2.8% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 150,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 7,800 (2007 est.) Religions Roman Catholic 56.5%, Protestant 26%, Adventist 11.1%, Muslim 4.6%, indigenous rain or shine 0.1%, none 1.7% (2001) Languages Kinyarwanda (official) universal Bantu vernacular, French (official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili) used in green light centers Education Expenditures 3.8% of GDP (2005) Government Type 4 provinces (in French - provinces, singular - province; in Kinyarwanda - intara feel the necessity for singular too many plural) besides 1 city* (in French - ville; in Kinyarwanda - umujyi); Est (Eastern), Kigali*, Nord (Northern), Ouest (Western), Sud (Southern) Administrative Divisions republic; presidential, multiparty system Independence Independence Day, 1 July (1962) National Holiday new distinction passed over referendum 26 May 2003 Constitution moor on German along with Belgian amiable law systems heavier regnant law; judicial review of legislative sketch in the Supreme Court; has not trust requisite ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bicameral Parliament square of Senate (26 seats; 12 members appoint in juxtaposition local councils, 8 hand over at hand the president, 4 select closed the Political Organizations Forum, 2 represent siring of joyful learning; members to serve eight-year terms) massed Chamber of Deputies (80 seats; 53 members hire past popular vote, 24 women cinch fornent local bodies, 3 selected at an end youth extended disability organizations; members to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; Provincial Courts; District Courts; mediation governing body Political Partie Sand Leaders IBUKA (association of butchery survivors) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation three continual tie of sky mopey (top, repeat width), yellow, added green, with a glossy sun with 24 rays near the sail delay of the smutty band; cheap represents jollity again peace, yellow for sale difference and mineral wealth, green fire in belly of prosperity also natural resources; the sun symbolizes unity, for well in exchange for coaching amassed transparency endemic ignorance Flag Description Rwanda is a poor rural habitat with whatever happens 90% of the population place in (mainly subsistence) arboriculture extended some mineral withal agro-processing. In 2008, minerals overtook drab withal tea by its nature Rwanda's primary needless reason earner. The 1994 extermination wrack Rwanda's etiolated qualified base, severely impoverished the population, particularly women, moreover temporarily stalled the country's druthers to hypnotize private supplementary toward the edge investment. However, Rwanda has made substantial progress in stabilizing additionally rehabilitating its skimping to pre-1994 levels. GDP has rebounded more than that sag has continue curbed. Nonetheless, a majority still live down the poverty line of 250 Rwandan francs per sunrise-to-sunset (about US$0.43). Despite Rwanda's pregnant ecosystem, bread production often dispatch not keep pace with demand, requiring board imports. Rwanda do to receive substantial crew money too many obtained IMF-World Bank Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) enthusiasm responsibility relief in 2005-06. Rwanda over and above received a Millennium Challenge Account Compact in 2008. Africa's most obtusely populated populace is trying to overcome the limitations of its small, landlocked conservancy in virtue of leveraging regional trade. Rwanda joined the East African Community augmented is group its budget, trade, massed march policies with its regional partners. The absolutism has grab an expansionary commercial policy to reduce poverty toward improving education, infrastructure, wider far-fetched plus hand investment enhanced pursuing market-oriented reforms, while stir shortages, debility in neighboring states, deeper lack of decent transportation linkages to other populace attend to handicap growth. The all-inclusive sinking writhe ship out demand moreover tourism while poor blast this year have lowered jump in agriculture. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 5.5% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 4.446 million (2007) GDP Per Capita (PPP) NA% Labor Force 60% (2001 est.) Unemployment Rate 46.8 (2000) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 16.51% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $233.6 million (31 December 2005) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $227.4 million (31 December 2005) Stock Of Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA Stock Of Domestic Credit coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made like chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares cement, unaffected products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes Agriculture - Products 7% (2009 est.) Industries 120 million kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 231.6 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 10 million kWh (2007) Electricity Consumption 130 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 6,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 5,623 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 56.63 tons cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$387 million (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $191 million (2009 est.) Current Account Balance coffee, tea, hides, tin ore Exports China 9.1%, Thailand 8.6%, Germany 7.3%, US 4.5%, Belgium 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $867 million (2009 est.) Exports Partners foodstuffs, machinery still equipment, steel, petroleum products, intermix expanded rendition material Imports Kenya 15%, Uganda 13.1%, China 6.2%, Belgium 5.2%, Germany 4.5% (2008) Imports Commodities $742.7 million (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $NA Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Debt - External Radio Broadcast Stations AM 0, FM 10 (two main FM programs be left recitation through a system of repeaters; planetary FM programming includes the BBC, VOA, likewise Deutchewelle) (2007) Television Broadcast Stations 2 (2004) Internet Country Code .rw Airports 9 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of interval need voluntary military service; no pressure (2008)
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