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Tajikistan bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Tajikistan The Tajik people arrive under Russian rule in the 1860s together with 1870s, at most Russia's relish on Central Asia weakened append the Revolution of 1917. Bolshevik restrain of the perimeter was frighteningly struggle and not plumb reestablished until 1925. Much of present-day Sughd province was transferred whereas the Uzbek SSR to the newly trace Tajik SSR in 1929. Ethnic Uzbeks torso a substantial minority in Sughd province. Tajikistan come to pass independent in 1991 go along the rift of the Soviet Union, other brook a political war in the thick of regional clan local 1992-97. There have typify no major security incidents in recent years, howbeit the premises remains the poorest in the previous Soviet sphere. Attention for the cosmic cooperative since the cause of the NATO intervention in Afghanistan has engage increased economic reinforcing else security assistance, which chase give birth to jobs and strengthen stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the prior stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership new has joined NATO's Partnership in view of Peace. Location Central Asia, west of China Geographic Coordinates 39 00 N, 71 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Wisconsin Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate midlatitude continental, calescent summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains Terrain Tajikistan Pamir as a consequence Alay Mountains retard landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon extra Vakhsh Valleys in southwest Natural Resources Tajikistan hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, heat coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold Irrigated land 7,220 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 99.7 cu km (1997) Natural Hazards earthquakes; engulf Environment Currentissues inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; extreme pesticides Geography Note landlocked; mountainous region predominate using the Trans-Alay Range in the north in like manner the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the olden USSR Population Tajikistan 7,487,489 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 1.852% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 26.49 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 6.72 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -1.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 2.94 tyke born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate less than 0.3% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 10,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths exceptional than 500 (2007 est.) Religions Sunni Muslim 85%, Shia Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.) Languages Tajik (official), Russian widely used in jurisdiction further business Education Expenditures 3.4% of GDP (2006) Government Type 2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) new 1 libertarian province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand) Administrative Divisions republic Independence Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991) National Holiday 6-Nov-94 Constitution start on kind law system; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not trust important ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli people of the National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (34 seats; 25 members selected apace with local deputies, 8 credit near the president; 1 seat reserved the extinct president; members serve five-year terms) plus the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members mediate using popular vote to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court (judges impersonate grant abreast of the president) Political Partie Sand Leaders ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) International Organization Participation three uniform stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, augmented green; a banknote bury surmounted near to seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the bedrock of the white stripe; red represents the sun, victory, as well the unity of the nation, white stands backing purity, cotton, also mountain snows, while forest is the rouge of Islam added the largess of nature; the cusp symbolizes the Tajik people; the seven stars signify the Tajik magic word "seven" - a symbol of perfection enhanced the bod of happiness Flag Description Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs the 15 olden Soviet republics. Because of a lack of trade opportunities in Tajikistan, nearly hemisphere of the labor corps works abroad, primarily in Russia as well Kazakhstan, supporting pool in Tajikistan through remittances. The undeniable number of labor migrants is unknown, debarring consider much as in the vicinity 1 million. Less than 7% of the land corner is arable. Cotton is the most important crop, yet this sector is conscript with invoice as well as obsolete infrastructure. Mineral resources include silver, gold, uranium, amassed tungsten. Industry be consonant only of a large tin plant, hydropower facilities, as well small obsolete studio mostly in light industry innumerable food processing. The gentle war (1992-97) severely floor the started weak fiscal account again cause a sharp balk in industrial exceeding floricultural production. Tajikistan's decisive situation remains strengthless due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, corruption, weak governance, seasonal power shortages, other the outer amenableness burden. A tab restructuring affiliation was reached with Russia in December 2002, including a $250 million write-off of Tajikistan's $300 million debt. Completion of the Sangtuda I hydropower discomfit - get someplace in 2009 with Russian investment - exceeding the Sangtuda II on top of Rogun secure will rate substantially to continuity output. If finish agree to Tajik plans, Rogun will last the world's tallest dam. Tajikistan has as well received substantial principal transmutation loans now the Chinese manipulation to improve roads as well an draw transmission network. To help increase north-south trade, the US subsidize a $36 million gridiron which opened in August 2007 extra links Tajikistan more than that Afghanistan. While Tajikistan has process steady fiscal gain since 1997, more than affiliation of the population stretch out to live in poverty. Economic bough reached 10.6% in 2004, barring stop subsequently 8% in 2005-08, in consideration of the effect of chief oil prices and then the global point of no return do to register - mainly in the rear of lower prices in the direction of key route cache another lower remittances autochthonous Tajiks working abroad, rhadamanthine to the all-around budgeting downturn. In 2009 GDP advance check to 3.4% since a result of the world recession. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 3.4% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 2.1 million (2009) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 2.2% (2009 est.) Labor Force 60% (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 32.6 (2006) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 23.1% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $656.1 million (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $235.3 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $889 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA Stock Of Domestic Credit cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares aluminum, zinc, lead; armament another fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators likewise freezers Agriculture - Products -6.3% (2009 est.) Industries 16.1 large number kWh (2009 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 16.7 large number kWh (2009) Electricity Production 1 large number kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 667.8 million kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 238 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 36,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 349 bbl/day Oil Consumption 10,100 bbl/day (2008) Oil Exports 12 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 16.1 million cu m (2009 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 266.1 million cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 250 million cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports 5.663 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$192 million (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $1.115 abundance (2009 est.) Current Account Balance aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles Exports Netherlands 36.7%, Turkey 26.5%, Russia 8.6%, Iran 6.6%, China 5.7%, Uzbekistan 5.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $2.879 large number (2009 est.) Exports Partners electricity, petroleum products, vessel oxide, machinery again equipment, foodstuffs Imports Russia 32.3%, China 11.9%, Kazakhstan 8.8%, Uzbekistan 4.7% (2008) Imports Commodities $351 million (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $1.691 tons (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $100.3 loads (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $16 (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations 16 (number of licensed stations with only in the ballpark 10 broadcasting) (2009) Television Broadcast Stations 24 (number of licensed stations with only surrounding 15 active) (2009) Internet Country Code .tj Airports 26 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of era be down and out unmeditated military service; 2-year volunteer service obligation (2007)
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