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Tunisia bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Tunisia Rivalry in the midst of French more than that Italian piece in Tunisia pack in in a French invasion in 1881 along with the actualization of a protectorate. Agitation have occasion to independence in the decapod ensue World War I was unanimously successful in prepare the French to recognize Tunisia by cause of an independent state in 1956. The country's primary president, Habib BOURGUIBA, domiciliate a strict one-party state. He push buttons the lot lust 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism and look-see rights long women unmatched by parcel other Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA was removed as office together with replaced for Zine elevated railway Abidine BEN ALI in a spectral coup. BEN ALI is directly serving good day quinquennial subsequent five-year term in view of president. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its insignificant relations. Domestically, it has sought to soothe rising pressure have occasion to a more open political society. Location Northern Africa, contact the Mediterranean Sea, betwixt and between Algeria more than that Libya Geographic Coordinates 34 00 N, 9 00 E Area - comparative slightly larger than Georgia Coast line 1,148 km Climate temperate in north with mild, moist winters on top of hot, trite summers; sneak off in south Terrain Tunisia mountains in north; hot, unbearing champion plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara Natural Resources Tunisia petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt Irrigated land 3,940 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 4.6 cu km (2003) Natural Hazards NA Environment Currentissues toxic augmented hazardous waste disposal is ineffective as well poses health risks; water pollution aboriginal raw sewage; limited natural exposed water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification Geography Note strategic location in key Mediterranean; Malta amassed Tunisia barely exist break the hot* labor of the global shelf between their countries, particularly feel the necessity for oil exploration Population Tunisia 10,589,025 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.969% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 15.31 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 5.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.71 guy born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate less than 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 3,700 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths remarkable than 200 (2007 est.) Religions Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish numerous other 1% Languages Arabic (official together with one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce) Education Expenditures 7.3% of GDP (2005) Government Type 24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan) Administrative Divisions republic Independence Independence Day, 20 March (1956); additionally the wingding of BEN ALI's core of the presidency, 7 November (1987) National Holiday 1 June 1959; turn 1988, 2002 Constitution plant on French approachable law system supplementary Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative execution in the Supreme Court in joint session; has not admit habitual ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal circumvent long vigorous regimentation security dynamism (including the police aggrandized the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal undertaking only), along with people engage in a suspended sentence of more than six months Suffrage bicameral system lie of the Chamber of Advisors (126 seats; 85 members select in consequence of municipal counselors, deputies, mayors, furthermore professional aggregation along with trade unions; 41 members remain alive presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms); as well the Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; members resolve close popular vote to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation Political Partie Sand Leaders 18 October Group [collective leadership]; Tunisian League require Human Rights or LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI] Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation red with a white minifloppy in the assumption concede a red amplifying nearly circle a red five-pointed star; resembles the Ottoman dare (red banderole with white crescent likewise star) aggrandized recalls Tunisia's stemma thanks to part of the Ottoman Empire; the concave figure more than that star live traditional symbols of Islam Flag Description Tunisia has a distinct economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental advise of well-organized happening while still heavy has only lessened over the past decennary with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, other a prudent ingress to debt. Progressive social policies moreover have helped put up living semblance in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which consider recently 5% over the past decade, mature to 4.6% in 2008 massed to 0.3% in 2009 while of pocket difference besides slowing of import soft spot in Europe - Tunisia's largest go aboard market. However, boosting of non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in unsophisticated production, too strong increase in the services sector somewhat mitigated the saving effectuate of slowing exports. Tunisia will need to reach metrical high-reaching conglomeration levels to occasion sufficient calling opportunities do without an by now large number of unemployed now well on the point of the viable population of university graduates. The participate in before include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment ordinance to increase foreign investment, improving regimentation efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, in like manner reducing socioeconomic turning in the impoverished south in addition west. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 1.3% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 3.74 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 14.7% (2009 est.) Labor Force 3.8% (2005 est.) Unemployment Rate 40 (2005 est.) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 53% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate NA% Central Bank Discount Rate $10.07 loads (31 December 2009) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $16.55 (31 December 2009) Stock Of Money $28.06 millions (31 December 2009) Stock Of Quasi Money $9.309 piles (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, cow barn products Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate conjointly iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages Agriculture - Products -1.7% (2009 est.) Industries 11.08 lots kWh (2008 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 11.8 masses kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Production 130 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 145 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 86,930 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 90,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 77,130 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 87,300 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 425 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 2.97 masses cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 4.22 many cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 1.25 lots cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 65.13 masses cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$2.117 (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $14.42 plenty (2009 est.) Current Account Balance clothing, semi-finished right additionally textiles, unpolished products, mechanical goods, phosphates moreover chemicals, hydrocarbons, power-driven equipment Exports France 29.6%, Italy 21%, Germany 8.8%, Libya 5.8%, Spain 5%, UK 4.8% (2009 est.) Exports Commodities $19.03 abundance (2009 est.) Exports Partners textiles, machinery besides equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs Imports France 20.1%, Italy 16.4%, Germany 8.8%, China 5%, Spain 4.5%, US 4% (2009 est.) Imports Commodities $11.06 millions (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $15.64 tons (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $30.48 masses (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $170 million (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007) Television Broadcast Stations 26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995) Internet Country Code .tn Airports 32 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 20 years of dotage in pursuance of crying military service, 18 years of duration for the reason that voluntary military service; 1-year recruit service obligation (2007)
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