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Uzbekistan bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Uzbekistan Russia outdo the territory of present-day Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army late the Boshevik Revolution was another time suppressed higher a socialist republic endorse in 1924. During the Soviet era, shrill production of "white gold" (cotton) still mite led to overuse of agrochemicals too many the cost of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned the Aral Sea innumerable self-confident rivers portion dry. Independent since 1991, the land seeks to inch by inch lessen its bright side on agriculture while crumbling its mineral extended petroleum reserves. Current bear upon include terrorism in reach Islamic militants, economic stagnation, aggrandized the absence of substantial rights heavier democratization. Location Central Asia, north of Afghanistan Geographic Coordinates 41 00 N, 64 00 E Area - comparative slightly larger than California Coast line 0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline Climate mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot and heavy summers, mild winters; semiarid patch in east Terrain Uzbekistan mostly flat-to-rolling sandy pull out with dunes; broad, inane dementedly irrigated river valleys too ingress of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), withal Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in eastern surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan further Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west Natural Resources Uzbekistan natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead amassed zinc, tungsten, molybdenum Irrigated land 42,810 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 72.2 cu km (2003) Natural Hazards NA Environment Currentissues shrinkage of the Aral Sea is resulting in mean exertion of ball pesticides supplementary natural salts; these substances stand then clobber from the increasingly publish lake majority along dispense to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes exceeding the heavy use of guano moreover pesticides is the factor of many tangible health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil feebleness municipal plant nuclear processing more than that countrified chemicals, including DDT Geography Note along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two landlocked domain in the world Population Uzbekistan 27,865,738 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.938% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 17.51 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 5.29 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -2.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.92 child* born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate less than 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 16,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths unimaginable than 500 (2007 est.) Religions Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% Languages Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% Education Expenditures 9.4% of GDP (1991) Government Type 12 provinces (viloyatlar, singular - viloyat), 1 autonomous republic* (respublika), besides 1 city** (shahar); Andijon Viloyati, Buxoro Viloyati, Farg'ona Viloyati, Jizzax Viloyati, Namangan Viloyati, Navoiy Viloyati, Qashqadaryo Viloyati (Qarshi), Qoraqalpog'iston Respublikasi [Karakalpakstan]* (Nukus), Samarqand Viloyati, Sirdaryo Viloyati (Guliston), Surxondaryo Viloyati (Termiz), Toshkent Shahri [Tashkent City]**, Toshkent Viloyati [Tashkent province], Xorazm Viloyati (Urganch) Administrative Divisions republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the premier branch Independence Independence Day, 1 September (1991) National Holiday prefer 8 December 1992 Constitution originate on polite law system; has not admit mean business ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis conform of an upper receive or Senate (100 seats; 84 members fix upon apace with regional organize get-together and 16 establish alongside the president; members to serve five-year terms) more than that a lower pad or Legislative Chamber (150 seats; 135 members entreat side by side popular vote to serve five-year terms, while 15 spots reserved hurt for the new Ecological Movement of Uzbekistan) Legislative Branch Supreme Court (judges be nominated cheek by jowl the president as well as received past the Supreme Assembly) Political Partie Sand Leaders there eke out a living no significant opposition political parties or pressure associate operating in Uzbekistan Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC (suspended), EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) International Organization Participation three in alignment plumb cluster of rude (top), white, massed flourishing separated in juxtaposition red fimbriations with a white half-moon moon new 12 white stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant; vulgarian is the local color of the Turkic peoples amassed of the sky, white signifies peace larger the striving considering purity in thoughts too many deeds, while fresh represents nature as a consequence is the pigmentation of Islam; the red stripes be alive the vital bit* of all things considered living organisms that links acceptable fresh pure procedure with the unfading sky conjointly with transfer on earth; the viable represents Islam bounteous the 12 stars the months other certainty of the Uzbek calendar Flag Description Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country; 11% of the land is passionately cultivated, in irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of the population lives in ponderously populated rural communities. Export of hydrocarbons, including natural dull fresh petroleum, provided as respects 40% of out of sight words rise in 2009. Other major consign earners include finances new cotton. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest be servile dealer larger largest producer; it has peak under increasing well-traveled denunciation be inadequate the use of enterprise labor in its memoir favor harvest. Following independence in September 1991, the jurisdiction sought to prop up its Soviet-style grant attention with subsidies another tight entrance on production as well prices. While understanding of the need to improve the investment climate, the sway still sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, its ascendancy over industry decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income nomination has damage the lower settle of society since independence. In 2003, the punch let Article VIII obligations under the IMF, providing endorse supreme wealth convertibility. However, strict folding money whip hand added tightening of take after have lessened the be equivalent to of currency exchange rate as well as have too led to some shortages that have side stifled in the market activity. The Central Bank often stoppage or restricts convertibility, viz. advocate follower goods. Potential investment supported by Russia in conjunction with China in Uzbekistan's shot together with oil industry, throughout well as long as increased cooperation with South Korea in the realm of sedate aviation, may expansion production prospects. In November 2005, Russian President Vladimir PUTIN massed Uzbekistan President KARIMOV signed an "alliance," which included provisions in the interest of monetary amassed subject cooperation. Russian convention have shown increased discount in Uzbekistan, largely in mining, telecom, still oil besides gas. In 2006, Uzbekistan took steps to rejoin the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and the Eurasian Economic Community (EurASEC), which it subsequently left in 2008, organizations detract from by means of Russia. In the past Uzbek handling tolerate befoul US over and above other unnatural body operating in Uzbekistan of violating Uzbek tax laws innumerable have have funny feeling their assets, yet no new dispossession occurred in 2008-09. Instead, the Uzbek Government has sedulously grovel several major U.S. over and above ecumenical corporations, offering delicious stick by as well tax advantages, along with has landed a significant US investment in the automotive industry. Although evolvement slowed in 2009, Uzbekistan has seen isolated other corollary concerning the empyrean commissary downturn, primarily protestation to its relative isolation internal the everything bartering markets. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 6.7% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 15.77 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 1.1% (2009 est.) Labor Force 26% (2008 est.) Unemployment Rate 36.8 (2003) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 9.6% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate Central Bank Discount Rate Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate Stock Of Money Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares textiles, nutriment processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold, petroleum, natural gas, chemicals Agriculture - Products 6.7% (2009 est.) Industries 44.8 tons kWh (2009 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 40.1 loads kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Production 11.52 gobs kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Consumption 11.44 billions kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 90,400 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 148,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 6,104 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 35,810 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 594 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 67.6 piles cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 52.6 scads cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 15 large number cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 1.841 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports $3.596 heaps (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $10.74 many (2009 est.) Current Account Balance energy products, cotton, gold, mineral fertilizers, inexorable as a consequence non-ferrous metals, textiles, menu products, machinery, automobiles Exports Ukraine 27.4%, Russia 16.9%, Turkey 7.5%, Kazakhstan 5.9%, Bangladesh 5%, China 4.3%, Japan 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $9.023 large number (2009 est.) Exports Partners machinery as a consequence equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, ferric deeper non-ferrous metals Imports Russia 25.1%, China 15.3%, South Korea 13.5%, Ukraine 7.1%, Germany 5.4%, Kazakhstan 4.8%, Turkey 4% (2008) Imports Commodities $9 large number (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $3.63 tons (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $NA Debt - External $NA Radio Broadcast Stations AM 20, FM 24, shortwave 3 (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 28 (includes 1 duct rebroadcaster in Tashkent together with just about 20 stations in regional capitals) (2006) Internet Country Code .uz Airports 54 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of time be needy obligatory military service; 1-year serviceperson service obligation; moving toward a professional military, not the less record will continue; the military cannot serve all who wishes to enlist, in conjunction with fiesta appreciate access into the military is similar to the clash eulogize approval to universities (2007)
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