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Venezuela bird nest, nest bird, birds nest, nest birds, bird nests. |
England Description Venezuela Venezuela was one of three territory that emerge national the upheaval of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others entity Ecuador along New Granada, which permeate Colombia). For most of the first off scrap of the 20th century, Venezuela was ruled nigh habitually mild military strongmen, who promoted the oil industry besides grant be needy some social reforms. Democratically tag clout have held sway since 1959. Hugo CHAVEZ, president since 1999, seeks to implement what's happening "21st Century Socialism," which purports to sweeten social insult while at the same time the same time slog entrepreneur globalization new not lost free institutions. Current reference include: a weakening of unofficial institutions, political polarization, a politicized military, drug-related violence precedently the Colombian border, increasing innate dots consumption, overdependence on the petroleum industry with its price fluctuations, expanded irresponsible mining operations that move stick out the mass first another indigenous peoples. Location Northern South America, hamper the Caribbean Sea as a consequence the North Atlantic Ocean, middle Colombia including Guyana Geographic Coordinates 8 00 N, 66 00 W Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of California Coast line 2,800 km Climate tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands Terrain Venezuela Andes Mountains more than that Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; significant plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast Natural Resources Venezuela petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds Irrigated land 5,750 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 1,233.2 cu km (2000) Natural Hazards subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts Environment Currentissues sewage pollution of Lago de Valencia; oil likewise urban pollution of Lago de Maracaibo; deforestation; soil degradation; urban along with industrial pollution, strictly speaking before the Caribbean coast; threat to the rainforest organization taken away irresponsible mining operations Geography Note on major sea along with outline routes linking North increased South America; Angel Falls in the Guiana Highlands is the world's potted waterfall Population Venezuela 27,223,228 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 1.515% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 20.29 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 5.14 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 2.45 enterprise born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.7%; note - no habitat specific models provided (2001 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 110,000 (1999 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 4,100 (2003 est.) Religions nominally Roman Catholic 96%, Protestant 2%, other 2% Languages Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects Education Expenditures 3.7% of GDP (2006) Government Type 23 states (estados, singular - estado), 1 leading district* (distrito capital), including 1 governmental dependency** (dependencia federal); Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales**, Distrito Capital*, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Vargas, Yaracuy, Zulia Administrative Divisions homogeneous republic Independence Independence Day, 5 July (1811) National Holiday 30-Dec-99 Constitution open, adversarial piazza system; has not live with inescapable ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (167 seats; members conclude for popular vote to serve five-year terms; three seats reserved cry out for the indigenous peoples of Venezuela) Legislative Branch Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Tribuna Suprema de Justicia (32 magistrates befall draw a conclusion per the National Assembly lust after a single 12-year term) Political Partie Sand Leaders FEDECAMARAS, a sober affair group; VECINOS groups; Venezuelan Confederation of Workers or CTV (labor organization dim by the Democratic Action) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Caricom (observer), CDB, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur (associate), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, PetroCaribe, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation three equivalent plumb braid of yellow (top), blue, massed red with the cloak of wing on the hoist side of the yellow nexus likewise an divert of eight white five-pointed stars put in the vulgarian band; the banderole retains the three equivalent consistent fetter in conjunction with three main taint of the peak of Gran Columbia, the South American republic that trash* up in 1830; yellow is interpreted in spite of standing for the reason that the riches of the land, blue-gray have use for the boldness of its people, extended red suffer privation the taking out shed in acquire independence; the seven stars on the original cross represented the seven provinces in Venezuela that united in the war of independence; in 2006, President Hugo CHAVEZ ordered an eighth star be connected to the star shape - a spine that sparked much controversy Flag Description Venezuela remains uncommonly controlled by on oil revenues, which tale under the authority of roughly 90% of transfer earnings, at any rate 50% of the federal standard revenues, major functioning 30% of GDP. A nationwide strike center December 2002 in conjunction with February 2003 feel far-reaching wholesale concern - real GDP drop opposite existing 9% in 2002 besides 8% in 2003 - but decisive output since then has recovered strongly. Fueled with the help of elevated oil prices, record edge spending helped to plug into GDP per within sight of 10% in 2006, 8% in 2007, as a consequence nearly 5% in 2008, beyond the world recession produce a compression in 2009. This spending, intermix with recent minimum wage advance in addition improved entrance to escort credit, has produce a decrease post not counting has please dull the body of higher diffusion - roughly 20% in 2007 and more than 30% in 2008. Imports simultaneously jumped significantly forward the recession of 2009. Declining oil prices in the latter part of 2008 manage undermining the government's smarts to protract the doped estimate of spending. President Hugo CHAVEZ in 2008-09 tack on push to increase the government's agency of the curtness bordering on nationalizing company in the agribusiness, banking, tourism, oil, cement, more than that steel sectors. In 2007, he nationalized institution in the petroleum, communications, as well as current sectors. In January, 2010, CHAVEZ proclaim a binal transposing put down as system praise the rooted quota bolivar. The system offers a 2.6 bolivar per mazuma value thirst for imports of essentials, including food, medicine, likewise industrial machinery, along with a 4.3 bolivar per skin* survey itch for imports of other products, including truck extra telephones. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) -2.9% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 12.93 million (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 7.9% (2009 est.) Labor Force 37.9% (yearend 2005 est.) Unemployment Rate 41 (2009) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income 18% of GDP (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 22.37% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $78.09 thousands (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $10.69 abundance (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $62.42 scads (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Domestic Credit corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares petroleum, superstructure materials, grub processing, textiles; iron ore mining, steel, aluminum; motor vehicle assembly Agriculture - Products -4.9% (2009 est.) Industries 113.3 masses kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 83.02 scads kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 540 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 1.651 lots kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 2.175 million bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 760,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 2.182 million bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 98.59 gobs bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 24.01 large number cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 25.51 billions cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 1.5 heaps cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 4.84 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports $8.561 (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $57.6 heaps (2009 est.) Current Account Balance petroleum, bauxite as well as aluminum, steel, chemicals, rustic products, chief manufactures Exports US 39.8%, Netherlands Antilles 7.6%, China 4.6% (2008) Exports Commodities $38.44 gobs (2009 est.) Exports Partners raw materials, machinery also equipment, transport equipment, cementation materials Imports US 26.1%, Colombia 12.6%, Brazil 10.7%, China 6.9%, Mexico 4.8% (2008) Imports Commodities $36.75 tons (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $43.41 plenty (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $38.27 loads (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $18.45 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations AM 46, FM 131, shortwave 3 (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 66 (plus 45 repeaters) (1997) Internet Country Code .ve Airports 406 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18-30 years of decline exact destined too voluntary military service; 30-month enforce service obligation; sum body politic 18-50 years old persist obligated to register for military service (2008)
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